BIDADARI

Song By: -HIKARI-
Words and music: Whira

Kurasa aku
Cinta kepadamu
Mungkinkah dirimu
Akan cinta kepadaku ?

Lihatlah semua
Pengorbananku untukmu
Janganlah kau
Buat diriku semakin tersiksa

Aku sayang kamu
Aku cinta kamu
Hanya dirimu

(*) Dirimu adalah wanita yang sempurna untuk diriku
     Aku akan menjaga cinta yang kau beri untuk diriku
     Kau bagaikan bidadari
     Yang selalu menyinari hidupku

     Dirimu hanya sebatas teman
     Tapi ku ingin kamu menjadi kekasihku

Back to (*) 2x

Azuki Arai

    Azuki Arai ialah youkai si pencuci kacang merah, sosok azuki arai di gambarkan menyerupai seorang kakek-kakek dengan postur tubuh kecil sekitar 150 cm. Kepalanya botak dengan helai rambut tipis di sisi kiri dan kanan kepalanya. Tubuhnya bungkuk dan selalu membawa bejana bambu berisi kacang Azuki. Youkai ini sebenarnya hanya terfokus pada azuki yang dibawanya.

    Legenda tentang azuki arai berawal dari anggapan yang mengatakan bahwa suara gemericik air di tepi sungai kadang pendengaran di sorientasi. Kadang suara air yang syup-sayup terdengar dari kejauhan terdengar seperti orang sedang beryanyi. Itulah sebabnya kacang azuki saat di cuci seperti bunyi "shoki-shoki" dianggap seperti ada azuki arai yang sedang bernyanyi. 

DATA
Arti nama: Si Pencuci Kacang Azuki
Nama lain: Azuki-Toge, Azuki-togi, Azuki-koshi
Jenis kelamin: Laki-laki
Tinggi: 150 cm
Berat: Tidak diketahui
Pergerakan: Berpindah-pindah
Makanan Favorit: Kacang merah dan manusia
Habitat: Tepi sungai
 

THE GAZETTE - PLEDGE

Kizu tsuketa ato tashika
Kizukenakatta koto
Ayamachi no kazu kimi wo motome
Mitsume aeta hazu sa

Chīsana uso ga
Hibi wo umeteita
Utagai wo kawasu yōu ni
Ushinau imi wo kokoro ga shiru
Tachitsukusu nidome no fuyu

Kimi wa mienai asu ni tomadoi
Koe wo age, naiteita ne
Kotoba wo sagasu koto mo dekizu ni
Ochiru namida wo hirotta

Sabishisa ni tsutsumarete
Hibi wa tada wo nurashi
Hikari wo motomeai kurikaeshita
Mata fukaku omoeru

Koe wo kanjite no wa uso janai
Ah, tashika ni kimi no tonari de

Aishiteru nandemo iranai
Tada zutto, soba ni ite to
Koe wo tarashi naiteita kimi ni
Kowarete yukitai

Saisho de saigo no kotoba wa kimi e sono ude wo (hanasanai yo)
Kata wo narabete onaji yume ga futari wo saru

Chīsana uso ga katachi wo kaete
Shiroi yuki ni toketeyuku
Ushinau imi wo wasurenu you ni
Nando mo mune ni kizamu yo

Sayonara wa koko ni oite arukidasou
Mou nido to miushinau koto wa nai

Futari ai wo tashikameau you ni
Kanashimi wo mitekita kara
Ashita futari kiete shimatte mo
Mou nakanai utai yo

Itsuka sugisaru kisetsu no you ni
Kawariyuku futari ga ite
Kanashimi ni tachidomaru yoru ga kite mo
Wasurenaide, owaru koto wa nai
Futari yume no naka...

THE GAZETTE - VORTEX

Nidoto kesenai kurai ni kizu wo fukamete iku Malice
Iki sugita atama wo eguri tobikau Bug ni Noise wo

Tsukaisute no ai to shitte ura reta karakuri
Tanjun meikai buzamana ashitada' tte
Rikai shi teru jiten de owa~tsu teru

Yugami mawaru Vortex of beats
Hakike no naka de odoru

Right before my eyes
The world that decayed
Right before my eyes
You murder somebody

Too tragic to stay with you

Guruguru to mawaru Loop no naka de
Kikai shikake no sora ni kiete yuku
[Countless bug]
Zaratsuita shita de yoku wo nazotte
Stolid na Dummy ni yume wo misereba
Kudarouga etsu ni kawaru sa

I don't wanna become the fuckin' garbage like you

HIKARI NEVER DIES

Song By: -HIKARI-

Apa yang akan kau perbuat ?
Hanya terdiam dan membisu

Bagaikan daun yang berguguran aa...
Terbawa hembusan angin

* Kami disini terus berlari
   Mengejar mimpi dan tak akan berhenti

   Harus kau tahu
   HIKARI tak akan pernah mati
   Melihat masa depan yang berkilau disana
   Menuju impian nyata dalam hidup ini
   Sambil menatap langit yang biru

   Pelangi api
   Bawalah semua harapan menuju kelangit itu
   Aku akan menjaga mu bersama dengan burung
   Yang beterbangan di langit
   Dan berlari menuju langit impian

   Jika masa depan yang akan datang
   Akan menjadi tempat yang indah

   Bawalah mimpi ketempat itu
   Dan semua takdir akan terlihat

Back to (*)

KAMON

     Kamon adalah simbol yang dipakai oleh masyarakat jepang untuk membedakan satu individu atau keluarga. Dalam sejarah Jepang kuno kamon sering dijahitkan pada kostum atau bendera dan umbul-umbul keluarga maupun samurai. Pemakaian kamon sebagai bagian dari budaya mencapai puncaknya pada era Heian (794-1185), dimana pemerintahan masa itu di dominasi oleh empat keluarga terkemuka seperti: Minamoto, Taira, Fujiwara dan Tachibana. Diantara keempatnya panji kamon keluarga Minamoto yang di dominasi warna putih dan Taira dengan warna merah adalah yang paling terkenal hingga sekarang. Dan pada ere Sengoku pada abad 15 penggunaan akan kamon semakin bertambah dengan maksud agar dapat membedakan mana kawan dan mana yang musuh dalam pertempuran samurai.

Nurikabe

     Youkai atau Hantu ini wujudnya sangat unik, yaitu berupa dinding besar. Namun bukan sekedar dinding biasa, dinding yang satu ini kasat mata dan punya kemampuan untuk melar sesuka hati dan tak terbatas. Youkai ini berasal dari utara Kyushu dan memiliki ciri-ciri tangan dan kaki yang pendek. Ia kerap menyamar sebagai dinding rumah atau bangunan yang belum jadi, meniru wujud-wujud dinding yang lainnya. Dan terkadang suka berada di tengah jalan, manghadang siapapun yang ingin lewat.

     Dengan kemampuan itu, nurikabe muncul di malam hari untuk mempersulit akses para pejalan kaki. Biasanya para pejalan kaki baru menyadari ada yang salah dengan perjalanannya ketika dia mencoba melangkah kemanapun dan sejauh apapun ternyata hanya stuck disitu-situ saja. Dalam keadaan ini seseorang akan menjadi stress dan frustasi.

Direct Indirect Speech

When using indirect or reported speech, the form changes. Usually indirect speech is introduced by the verb said, as in I said, Bill said, or they said. Using the verb say in this tense, indicates that something was said in the past. In these cases, the main verb in the reported sentence is put in the past. If the main verb is already in a past tense, then the tense changes to another past tense; it can almost be seen as moving even further into the past.

Verb tense changes also characterize other situations using indirect speech. Note the changes shown in the chart and see the table below for examples. With indirect speech, the use of that is optional.

Direct Speech	Þ	Indirect Speech
simple present He said, “I go to school every day.”	Þ	simple past He said (that) he went to school every day.
simple past He said, “I went to school every day.”	Þ	past perfect He said (that) he had gone to school every day.
present perfect He said, “I have gone to school every day.”	Þ	past perfect He said (that) he had gone to school every day.
present progressive He said, “I am going to school every day.”	Þ	past progressive He said (that) he was going to school every day.
past progressive He said, “I was going to school every day.”	Þ	perfect progressive He said (that) he had been going to school every day,
future (will) He said, “I will go to school every day.”	Þ	would + verb name He said (that) he would go to school every day.
future (going to) He said, “I am going to school every day.”	Þ	present progressive He said (that) he is going to school every day.
		past progressive He said (that) he was going to school every day
Direct Speech	Þ	Indirect Speech
auxiliary + verb name He said, “Do you go to school every day?” He said, “Where do you go to school?”	Þ	simple past He asked me if I went to school every day.* He asked me where I went to school.
imperative He said, “Go to school every day.”	Þ	infinitive He said to go to school every day.

*Note than when a Yes/No question is being asked in direct speech, then a construction with if or whether is used. If a WH question is being asked, then use the WH to introduce the clause. Also note that with indirect speech, these are examples of embedded questions. The situation changes if instead of the common said another part of the very to say is used. In that case the verb tenses usually remain the same. Some examples of this situation are given below.

Direct Speech	Þ	Indirect Speech
simple present + simple present He says, “I go to school every day.”	Þ	simple present + simple present He says (that) he goes to school every day.
present perfect + simple present He has said, “I go to school every day.”	Þ	present perfect + simple present He has said (that) he goes to school every day.
past progressive + simple past He was saying, “I went to school every day.”	Þ	past progressive + simple past He was saying (that) he went to school every day.
		past progressive + past perfect He was saying (that) he had gone to school every day.
future + simple present He will say, “I go to school every day.”	Þ	future + simple present He will say (that) he goes to school every day.

Another situation is the one in which modal constructions are used. If the verb said is used, then the form of the modal, or another modal that has a past meaning is used.

Direct Speech	Þ	Indirect Speech
can He said, “I can go to school every day.”	Þ	could He said (that) he could go to school every day.
may He said, “I may go to school every day.”	Þ	might He said (that) he might go to school every day.
might He said, “I might go to school every day.”
must He said, “I must go to school every day.”	Þ	had to He said (that) he had to go to school every day.
have to He said, “I have to go to school every day.”
should He said, “I should go to school every day.”	Þ	should He said (that) he should go to school every day.
ought to He said, “I ought to go to school every day.”	Þ	ought to He said (that) he ought to go to school every day.

While not all of the possibilities have been listed here, there are enough to provide examples of the main rules governing the use of indirect or reported speech. For other situations, try to extrapolate from the examples here, or better still, refer to a good grammar text or reference book.
Some other verbs that can be used to introduce direct speech are: ask, report, tell, announce, suggest, and inquire. They are not used interchangeably; check a grammar or usage book for further information.

Passive Voice

Use of Passive

Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action.

Example: My bike was stolen.

In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I do not know, however, who did it.
Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active voice, as the following example shows:

Example: A mistake was made.

In this case, I focus on the fact that a mistake was made, but I do not blame anyone (e.g. You have made a mistake.).

Form of Passive

Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular verbs)

Example: A letter was written.

When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:

• the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence
• the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)
• the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped)

Examples of Passive

Tense		Subject	Verb	Object
Simple Present	Active:	Rita	writes	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	is written	by Rita.
Simple Past	Active:	Rita	wrote	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	was written	by Rita.
Present Perfect	Active:	Rita	has written	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	has been written	by Rita.
Future I	Active:	Rita	will write	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	will be written	by Rita.
Hilfsverben	Active:	Rita	can write	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	can be written	by Rita.

Examples of Passive

Tense		Subject	Verb	Object
Present Progressive	Active:	Rita	is writing	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	is being written	by Rita.
Past Progressive	Active:	Rita	was writing	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	was being written	by Rita.
Past Perfect	Active:	Rita	had written	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	had been written	by Rita.
Future II	Active:	Rita	will have written	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	will have been written	by Rita.
Conditional I	Active:	Rita	would write	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	would be written	by Rita.
Conditional II	Active:	Rita	would have written	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	would have been written	by Rita.

Passive Sentences with Two Objects

Rewriting an active sentence with two objects in passive voice means that one of the two objects becomes the subject, the other one remains an object. Which object to transform into a subject depends on what you want to put the focus on.

	Subject	Verb	Object 1	Object 2
Active:	Rita	wrote	a letter	to me.
Passive:	A letter	was written	to me	by Rita.
Passive:	I	was written	a letter	by Rita.

. As you can see in the examples, adding by Rita does not sound very elegant. That’s why it is usually dropped.

Personal and Impersonal Passive

Personal Passive simply means that the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence. So every verb that needs an object (transitive verb) can form a personal passive.

Example: They build houses. – Houses are built.

Verbs without an object (intransitive verb) normally cannot form a personal passive sentence (as there is no object that can become the subject of the passive sentence). If you want to use an intransitive verb in passive voice, you need an impersonal construction – therefore this passive is called Impersonal Passive.

Example: he says – it is said

Impersonal Passive is not as common in English as in some other languages (e.g. German, Latin). In English, Impersonal Passive is only possible with verbs of perception (e. g. say, think, know).

Example: They say that women live longer than men. – It is said that women live longer than men.

Although Impersonal Passive is possible here, Personal Passive is more common.

Example: They say that women live longer than men. – Women are said to live longer than men.

The subject of the subordinate clause (women) goes to the beginning of the sentence; the verb of perception is put into passive voice. The rest of the sentence is added using an infinitive construction with 'to' (certain auxiliary verbs and that are dropped).
Sometimes the term Personal Passive is used in English lessons if the indirect object of an active sentence is to become the subject of the passive sentence.

Conditional Sentences

Conditional Sentences / If-Clauses Type I, II und III

Conditional Sentences are also known as Conditional Clauses or If Clauses. They are used to express that the action in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a certain condition (in the clause with if) is fulfilled. There are three types of Conditional Sentences.

Conditional Sentence Type 1

→ It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled.
Form: if + Simple Present, will-Future

Example: If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation.

Conditional Sentence Type 2

→ It is possible but very unlikely, that the condition will be fulfilled.
Form: if + Simple Past, Conditional I (= would + Infinitive)

Example: If I found her address, I would send her an invitation.

Conditional Sentence Type 3

→ It is impossible that the condition will be fulfilled because it refers to the past.
Form: if + Past Perfect, Conditional II (= would + have + Past Participle)

Example: If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation.

Masih Berharap

Vocal: -HIKARI-
Words and Music: Whira


Ku teringat dulu
Kita slalu bersama
Membuat cerita
Yang tak mungkin terlupa

Hingga kini
Kau tlah pergi
Meninggalkan semua kenangan yang indah
Saat bersama

Reff:
Wahai kekasih, ku inggin kembali
Bersama mewarnai hari
Walau kini kau tak mencintaiku lagi
Ku masih berharap

Ku terbayang wajahmu
Di setiap malam
Ku teringat denganmu
Kekasihku

Back to reff

Shodo

  Shodo adalah kaligrafi dalam bahasa Jepang. meskipun Shodo merupakan kebudayaan yang cukup kuno, namun orang Jepang masih mempertahankan kebudayaan itu. Terbukti hingga saat ini masih banyak orang yang tertarik untuk mempelajarinya, bahkan di sekolah-sekolah para murid di ajarkan shodo.

  Ada 6 jenis peralatan utama yang biasa digunakan untuk membuat kaligrafi jepang. Yang pertama adalah Shitajiki, berupa tatakan atau alas untuk menulis. Yang kedua adalah Bunchin atau pemberat kertas yang berbentuk balok yang terbuat dari besi. Alat yang ketiga adalah kertas khusus yang bernama Hanshi, yaitu berupa kertas dengan dua permukaan yang berbeda. dimana sebelah permukaannya kasar, sedangkan permukaan sebaliknya halus. Selanjutnya adalah perlengkapan yang palig utuma yaitu kuas yang dinamakan Fude. Alat berikutnya adalah tinta yang bernama Sumi, yaitu tinta yang dipadatkan dan harus dicaikan terlebih dahulu.

Yatai

  Yatai adalah pedagang kaki lima yang menjual makanan di Jepang. Yatai biasanya mulai muncul menjelang malam, dan banyak di jumpai di sekiatar stasiun kereta bawah tanah dan daerah yang selalu di padati orang banyak, mulai dari yatai bergerobak hingga menggunakan mobil boks. Namun kebanyakan yatai didirikan menggunakan tenda dipinggir jalan, yang umumnya menjual Ramen dan Oden. selain rasanya yang enak, makanan yang di jual di yatai harganya relatif murah dan terjangkau bila dibandingkan dengan makan makanan sejenis di restoran.

  Yatai di malam hari biasanya menjual makanan dan minuman penghangat badan seperti Sake, Oden, Yakitori, doteyaki, dll. Bisnis yatai cukup mangalami perkembangan pesat bahkan sempat menjamur di berbagai tempat, sehingga mengganggu pemandangan kota. Karna iti Polisi daerah setempat mulai menertibkan yatai yang didirikan secara liar dipinggir jalan dan pusat perkotaan. Oleh karna itu sekarang ini jarang sekali ditemukan yatai di pusat perkotaan.

Tugas Reading

Exercises

1. Answer these questions, basing your answers on the text.


a. What is profit ?
b. At what point does an employer obtain his surplus ?
c. Who may he be required to share it with ?
d. What do most businesses need ?
e. Why is there always an element of risk in providing capital ?
f. Who bears the risk ?
g. What justifies the risk ?
h. How is the past used to finance the future ?
i. What do people 'plough back' into the system ?
j. Why is it ploughed back ?
k.What examples of private capital are given ?
l. What examples of public capital are given ?

  Answers

a. Profit is the surplus which accumulates as a result of productive work.
b. The employer obtains this surplus after he pays the necessary expense of his business and the wages of his
    employees.
c. He may be required to share the surplus with others who have provided the capital with which he started
    his business.
d. Most businesses need capital in order to start productive work, and the capital pays for the accomodations
    , machinery and other items which the business needs.
e. There is always an alement of risk in providing capital and starting a business.
f. The employees.
g. If the business is successful, the risk has been justified and invested capital earns part of the profits as a
   return on the investment.
h. The capital which people provide to help new business is an accumulation of previous surpluses on
    previous business activities. In this way the past is used to finance the future.
i. As such, it is common to both the capitalistic and communistic systems. In both systems, a certain part of
   the profits 'ploughed back' into the system in order to create capital.
j. Such capital is accumulated by a deliberate policy of saving surpluses. This policy may be personal and
   individual, or it may be public and collective.
k. Land, houses and shares in a business are capital.
l. In terms of the state, all railways, docks, Roads, airports and state funds of money are part of the nation's
  capital.